This essay is a bibliographic analysis in which I try to reflect and express the importance of the gender approach to a better understanding of social and cultural relations in different societies of the world. In order to do this, within the many aspects that this approach may have, I have set out to make a general orientation on the construction of masculinity and femininity, and the different variables that are manifested in these constructions that are objects of analysis; considering several authors and researchers on their historical and cultural studies of gender relations from the western societies. As well as particular investigations in Peruvian societies that have not yet westernized. In conclusion, this work will provide a better overview of how, through the category of gender, a political intention is raised about the construction and control of the body of individual, through the application of norms and distribution of roles that finally leads to the formation of cultural stereotypes of which we get guide and relate consciously unconsciously.

The study of everyday life rescues individuals and social groups marginalized and forgotten by traditional historiography. Being a different way of approaching the knowledge of the patterns of symbolic construction, on which are established the structures of sociability, subjectivity and inter subjectivity. While the scientific approach to practices linked to productive work, developed in everyday experience, is of particular importance to understand the functioning of the same and the way in which it is articulated with reproductive work, leisure time and structures Sense and feeling. For this, Irma Noguera’s oral account is representative of the period and space determined, and satisfactory for the chosen problem, being a direct and privileged witness of the same. INTRODUCCIÓN Fundamentación teórica, metodología y categorías de análisis La cotidianidad es un espacio de sociabilidad, individual o grupal, donde son absorbidos, procesados, practicados, interpelados o creados los elementos que integran un sistema cultural determinado. La Historia de la Vida Cotidiana problematiza científicamente la cinética procesual de dicho espacio, por medio de un enfoque teórico y metodológico (Cárcamo Gracia, 1995) donde, además, se incorpora la relación entre lo público y lo privado (Chartier, 2006), es decir, las formas de interacción entre el espacio de la cotidianeidad y el sistema cultural que la contextualiza (Castillo, S/D) El elemento fenomenológico utilizado es el “hecho social”, el cual, siguiendo a Pilar Gonzalbo Aizpuru, permite “vislumbrar las tensiones internas de una comunidad, las formas incipientes de rebeldía, los temores latentes o las expectativas de prosperidad, entre otros temas” (Gonzalbo Aizpuru, 2006, p. 31). En el abordaje de dicho fenómeno, el Estudio de caso “se convierte en Through a semi-structured interview, we seek to introduce ourselves in the subjective and individual experience, accessing the construction of the story, from the earliest childhood, in the rural area of the Estancia Silva (Tupungato, Mendoza) by Irma Noguera, Symbols and experiences of their everyday life, linked to the family economy. This paper aims to identify, classify and reflect on the individual and collective practices in which productive work was carried out, paying attention to those data that give us information about the composition, roles and dynamics within this field, and the way In which it was linked to reproductive work, leisure time and the symbolic constructions developed in the sociability of a Spanish immigrant family in rural Mendoza in the mid-twentieth century.

In this article, we will study the case of rural workers from the province of Misiones, Argentina, who temporarily migrate to perform maintenance and harvesting eucalyptus forestation implanted in the neighboring province of Entre Rios. Following the development of capital accumulation in the forest industry, we note that, from the 1990s, the technical breakthrough occurred in Misiones reverberated massive destruction of jobs in the primary phase, increasing the mass of workers that constitute surplus population for capital (Marx, 2003: 784). Part of these supernumeraries of the forest industry, temporarily migrate to Entre Ríos, Argentina, where the activity has not yet reached the level of mechanization observed in the first case.